\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

a) Chất tan : FeSO₄

Chất khí : H₂

\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.05\cdot152=7.6\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)

Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

 1           1                 1            1

A là: FeSO4

B là: H2

nFe = 2,8/56 = 0,05 mol => nH2SO4 = 0,05 mol

mFeSO4 = 0,05 x (56+32+64) = 7,6 gam 

VH2 = 0,05 x 22,4 = 1,12 lit

a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6.25\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => Mg hết, H₂SO₄ dư

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂

            0,2--->0,2------>0,2---->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b) m_{dd sau pư} = 4,8 + 117,6 - 0,2.2 = 122 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{122}.100\%=19,67\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4.dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,2\right).98}{122}.100\%=8,03\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

sao lại tính C% của H2SO4 dư bao nhiêu ? mà k tính toàn bộ

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6}{2}.n_{Al}+2.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6}{2}.0,2+2.0,3=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư,O_2hết\\ n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)

Mg+2HCl-to>MgCl2+H2

0,25----0,5------0,25-----0,25

n Mg=\(\dfrac{6}{24}\)=0,25 mol

=>VH2=0,25.22,4=5,6l

m MgCl2=0,25.95=23,75g

m HCl=0,5.36,5=18,25 g

=>m dd Hcl=100g

=>C%=\(\dfrac{23,75}{6+100-0,5}.100=22,511\%\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

             0,25 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,25 ---> 0,25

\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{18,25\%}=100\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,25.2=0,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=100+6-0,5=105,5\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{23,75}{105,5}=22,51\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07(mol)\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=0,14(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568(l)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52(g)\\ c,ZnCl_2+2AgNO_3\to 2AgCl\downarrow+Zn(NO_3)_2\)

\(m_{dd_{ZnCl_2}}=200.0,8+4,55-0,07.2=164,41(g)\\ n_{AgCl}=0,14(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=\dfrac{0,07.189}{164,41+200-0,14.143,5}.100\%=3,84%\)

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+4HNO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+NO+2H_2O\)

___0,1_____0,4_____0,1_______0,1 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HNO_3}=0,4.63=25,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{25,2}{6,3\%}=400\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe + m _{dd HNO3} - m_NO = 5,6 + 400 - 0,1.30 = 402,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.242}{402,6}.100\%\approx6,01\%\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Bài 2 : 

n KMnO4 = 0,2(mol)

$Mn^{+7} + 5e \to Mn^{+2}$
$Fe^{+2} \to Fe^{+3} + 1e$

Bảo toàn electron  :

n FeSO4 = 5n KMnO4 = 0,2.5 = 1(mol)

n FeSO4.7H2O = n FeSO4 = 1(mol)

=> a = 1.278 = 278(gam)

Bài 1 : 

n Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1(mol)

Bảo toàn electron :

3n Fe = 3n NO

=> n NO = 0,1(mol)

n HNO3 = 4n NO = 0,4(mol)

=> m HNO3 = 0,4.63 = 25,2(gam)

=> m dd HNO3 = 25,2/6,3% = 400(gam)

Sau phản ứng : 

n Fe(NO3)3 = n Fe = 0,1(mol)

m dd = 5,6 + 400 - 0,1.30 = 402,6(gam)

C% Fe(NO3)3 = 0,1.242/402,6   .100% = 6,01%

MgO+H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄+H₂O(1)

MgCO₃+H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄+ CO₂+H₂O (2)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (2): n_MgCO3=n_CO2=0,1mol

=> m_MgCO3=0,1.84=8,4g

m_MgO=16,4-8,4=8g

=> n_MgO=\(\dfrac{8}{40}\) = 0,2mol

Theo PT (1,2) ta có:n_MgSO4=n_MgO+n_MgCO3=0,1+0,2=0,3 mol

n_Ba(OH)2=0,3.1,5 = 0,45 mol

Gọi x là số mol H₂SO₄ còn dư sau phản ứng (1,2).

H₂SO₄+Ba(OH)₂→BaSO₄↓+2H₂O(3)

MgSO₄+Ba(OH)₂→BaSO₄↓+Mg(OH)₂↓(4)

Kết tủa tạo thành gồm BaSO₄ và Mg(OH)₂

Do đó dd B thu được là Ba(OH)₂ dư

Ta có: 233x + 233.0,3 + 58.0,3 =110,6

=>x=0,1mol

Theo PT (3,4): n_{Ba(OH)2 pứ}=n_H2SO4+n_MgSO4=0,1+0,3=0,4mol

n_Ba(OH)2(dư)=0,45−0,4=0,05mol

CM_Ba(OH)2=\(\dfrac{0,05}{0,5}\)=0,1M